1. Use physical and chemical properties to discuss and identify substances.

2. Explain and distinguish matter by classification.

3. Use the SI measurement system of matter and energy.

4. Explain the need and use of significant figures in measurements and calculations.

1. Discuss or explain the historical development of the atomic theory from Dalton to Rutherford.

2. Discuss the composition of the atom.

3. Use nuclide information to determine atomic number, mass number, and atomic mass.

4. Relate line spectra to energy levels within the atom.

5. Apply the modern atomic theory by using the concepts of quantum numbers and orbitals.

1. Use the periodic table to assist in naming compounds and identifying molecular and ionic compounds.

2. Describe the classification scheme used to arrange elements on the periodic table.

3. Relate electron configuration to its position on the periodic table.

4. Describe nature and properties of elements as it relates to an element’s placement on the periodic table.

5. Explain the properties of specific families as exemplars of periodicity.

1. Relate the atomic composition of ions and atoms in writing formulas and naming compounds.

2. Write and balance a chemical equation, a chemical reaction.

3. Identify types of reactions.

4. Relate atomic composition to writing and explain nuclear equations.

1. Use the mole concept to calculate mass, number of particles, and volume of gases at STP.

2. Explain how the concept of relative mass led to the atomic masses of all the elements.

3. Explain how atomic mass expressed in grams represents the same number of particles.

4. Use percent composition to determine simplest formula, and given the actual molar mass how to determine the molecular formula.

5. Use the mole concept and a balanced chemical equation to determine mass and volume relations in a chemical equation.

1. Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain the different states of matter.

2. Explain the changes in matter and energy associated with a change in state.

3. Apply the various gas laws to solve quantitative problems.

4. Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain gas behavior (laws).

5. Define temperature and heat as related to energy of matter.

6. Explain what is meant by absolute zero.

1. Describe the nature of the chemical bond.

2. Make comparison and cite contrasts among ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds.

3. Use the VSEPR theory to predict molecular shape of molecules and ions.

4. Identify and explain polar bonds and polar molecules.

5. Describe the intermolecular attractive forces that hold molecules together.

1. Explain hydrogen bonding and the effects of H-bonding on the properties of water.

2. Explain and describe solutions, suspensions, and colloids.

3. List and explain factors affecting the rate of solution.

4. Explain the distinguishing characteristics of unsaturated, saturated, and super saturated solutions.

5. Solve problems involving molarity.

6. Be able to prepare desired molar solutions from pure substances and from solutions.

7. Explain and describe colligative properties.

8. Solve problems involving boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.

1. Explain endothermic and exothermic reactions.

2. Relate activation energy to the kinetic molecular theory.

3. Explain catalysis.

4. List and explain factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

5. Explain entropy and enthalpy

6. Explain how entropy and enthalpy affect chemical reaction spontaneity.

1. Describe a dynamic equilibrium situation.

2. Write equilibrium expressions.

3. Use Le Chatelier’s Principle to predict changes in equilibrium position due to changes in concentration, pressure, and temperature.

4. Determine the Ksp for salt solutions.

1. Describe the characteristics of acids and bases.

2. Write explanations of the Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis theories of acids and bases.

3. Write ionization equations for water, acids and bases.

4. Write Bronsted-Lowry acid-base equations and identify conjugate acid-base pairs.

5. List the properties of acids and bases.

6. Write the equilibrium expressions for acids and bases.

7. Calculate pH from molarity of an acid or base solution.

8. Write neutralization reactions.

9. Identify and explain different segments of the titration curve.

10. Explain how buffers work.

1. Define oxidation, reduction, oxidizing agent and reducing agent.

2. Explain redox reaction in terms of electrons gained and lost.

3. Write and balance redox equations..

4. Determine oxidation state of an element in a compound.

5. Diagram and explain how a voltaic cell works.

1. Explain radioactivity and background radiation.

2. List the three major radioactive decay emissions.

3. Define and calculate half-life.

4. Explain the differences between fusion and fission.